Table 1 Characteristics of the sample (n = 56)

Age (years)

48.78 ± 7.91

Body mass index (kg/m²)

27.38 ± 3.89

Years of education (median (Q_25–75))

11 (6–14)

Number of trigger points (median (Q_25–75))

14 (13–16)

Employed (yes/no)

41/15

Smoking (yes/no)

4/52

Alcohol use (yes/no)

7/49

Psychiatric disorder according to the MINI (yes/no)*

  Major depressive episode

32/23

  Major depressive episode with dysthymia

18/37

  Dysthymia

10/45

  Suicidal risk

11/44

  Hypo-maniac episode

13/42

  Panic disorder

12/43

  Agoraphobia

22/33

  Social phobia

11/44

  Obsessive compulsive disorder

12/43

  Post-traumatic stress disorder

3/52

  Psychotic syndrome

1/54

  Generalized anxiety disorder

28/27

  Maniac-depressive disorder

2/53

Psychotropic drugs (yes/no)**

38/18

  Tricyclic antidepressant (yes/no)

24/15

  Selective serotonin reuptake inhibitor (yes/no)

10/28

  Benzodiazepine

4/35

Other chronic disease (yes/no)

28/28

  Hypertension (yes/no)

14/42

  Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus (yes/no)

1/55

  Asthma (yes/no)

14/42

Number of analgesic doses used per week (median (Q_25–75))

14 (7–21)

Widespread Pain Index (WPI)

15.11 ± 2.04

Symptom Severity (SS) Scale Score

7.43 ± 1.51

Pain on the VAS

70.21 ± 14.54

Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index

22.09 ± 7.35

Hamilton Depression Rating Scale

19.93 ± 5.81

Pain Catastrophizing Scale (B-PCS) score

30.73 ± 11.65

  Hopelessness

11.38 ± 4.91

  Magnification

12 (7–15)

  Rumination

8.14 ± 2.42

Pressure pain threshold (kg/cm²)

2.09 ± 0.23

Fibromyalgia Impact Questionnaire

61.20 ± 12.82