Figure 1
From: TRPM8 mechanism of autonomic nerve response to cold in respiratory airway
Responses to menthol and cold in vagal ganglion neurons that innervate respiratory airways. a, Diagram illustrates the instillation of DiI into the lower segment of rat trachea to retrograde label airway VG neurons. b, The micrographs show a field of acutely dissociated VG neurons under bright light (left) and fluorescence light (right). DiI-labeled VG neurons show strong fluorescence intensity. c, An example shows menthol- and cold-induced increases of [Ca2+]in in DiI-labeled VG neurons. The image was selected from the boxed region in (b) where two DiI-labeled VG neurons were included. Images were taken before (control), following a 20-s application of 100 μM menthol, following a 7°C temperature drop, and recovery in normal bath solution. d&e, Time course of menthol induced-responses in a DiI-labeled neuron (d) and pooled results (n = 28) (e). f&g, Time course of cold induced-responses in a DiI-labeled neuron (f) and pooled results (n = 27) (g). The fluorescence intensity changes (ΔF/F0) were shown on the top panels and temperature ramps on the bottom panels.