Figure 2

Peri-incisional skin cytokine levels after saline or morphine pretreatment. The figure displays the mechanical thresholds of mice in four different treatment groups: saline pretreatment/no incision, saline pretreatment/incision, morphine pretreatment/no incision, morphine pretreatment/incision. The cytokine levels were assessed at time points out to 72 hours after incision based on the results of the experiments presented in Figure 1. The statistical analysis presented reflects the results of two-way ANOVA comparing saline/incision values to morphine/incision ones over the 2 to 72 hour time period. *p < 0.05, **p < 0.01, N = 8/group.