Figure 6From: Large A-fiber activity is required for microglial proliferation and p38 MAPK activation in the spinal cord: different effects of resiniferatoxin and bupivacaine on spinal microglial changes after spared nerve injury Bupivacaine but not resiniferatoxin reduces the phosphorylation of p38 MAPK in the spinal cord dorsal horn after SNI. (A-D) p-p38 immunostaining in the dorsal horn of control rats (A) and SNI rats receiving vehicle (B), RTX (C), and bupivacaine (Bup, D). (E) Number of p-p38-positive cell profiles in the dorsal horn: Left, effects of RTX on SNI-induced cell proliferation. Right: effects of bupivacaine on SNI-induced cell proliferation *p < 0.05, **p < 0.01, ns = no significance. Scale bar 100 μm. n = 3-5.Back to article page