Figure 9From: Morphine modulation of pain processing in medial and lateral pain pathways Comparison of averaged PDC across all frequencies between pre- (red lines) and post-treatment (blue lines) of morphine (A) or NS (B). For each frequency band, the PDC values were normalized to z-scores relative to its mean and variance of baseline PDC. Then the PDC values of all 50 frequency bands were averaged over time. As can be seen in this figure, following morphine injection, the amount of directed coherence was significantly decreased in each direction in comparison to the pre-morphine condition. Data are presented as mean ± S.E.Back to article page