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Figure 2 | Molecular Pain

Figure 2

From: Trigeminal injury causes kappa opioid-dependent allodynic, glial and immune cell responses in mice

Figure 2

Face rubbing after pIONL. The total time for isolated face-rubbing episode during a 15 min observation period. The spontaneous face-rubbing behavior was recorded for 15 minutes on preoperative day 1 (baseline), and from postoperative day1 to day 6. The duration of face-rubbing behavior was elevated for both WT and KOR-/- pIONL groups on the first day after surgery compared to the baseline and sham operated groups. KOR-/- pIONL group showed longer duration of face-rubbing behavior than that of WT pIONL group on the postoperative day 1 (p < 0.05, ANOVA followed by Student-Newman test, n = 8 per group). The duration of face-rubbing behavior peaked at postoperative day 1 and this increased facial rubbing gradually recovered to the basal level.

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