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Table 3 Significant differences in pain-, neurotrophin-, nerve-, and disc-related genes in more degenerated discs (Grades iv and v) compared to less degenerated discs (Grades i – iii)

From: Genome-wide analysis of pain-, nerve- and neurotrophin -related gene expression in the degenerating human annulus

Gene name

Gene identifier

Fold change

Direction

p-value

A. Pain-, Neurotrophin- and Nerve-related Genes

Adrenergic, beta, receptor kinase 2

AI478542

1.16

Up

0.045

Ataxin 10

AF119662

2.62

Up

0.008

Bradykinin receptor B1

NM_000710

1.09

Up

0.023

Calcitonin gene related peptide

AI478743

1.51

Up

0.035

Catechol-O-methyltransferase

NM_001670

1.17

Up

0.020

Cholinergic receptor, muscarinic 1

AI500293

1.60

Down

0.042

Clusterin

M25915

12.76

Up

0.010

EGF, latrophilin and seven transmembrane domain containing 1

NM_022159

1.74

Up

0.040

Endoplasmic reticulum aminopeptidase 2

BE889628

1.28

Up

0.036

Endoplasmic reticulum protein 44

BC005374

2.08

Up

0.043

GABA binding protein 2

BC002557

4.54

Down

0.027

GABA(A) receptor-associated protein

NM_007278

3.78

Up

0.049

Gap junction protein, alpha 1, 43 kDa

NM_000165

4.91

Up

0.017

Glutathione peroxidase 1

NM_000581

3.42

Up

0.036

Glutamate receptor, metabotropic 1

U31216

1.06

Up

0.0082

Guanine nucleotide binding protein (G protein), gamma 10

NM_004125

2.97

Up

0.049

Guanine nucleotide binding protein (G protein) alpha inhibiting activity polypeptide 3

J03198

3.22

Up

0.021

Guanine nucleotide binding protein (G protein) beta polypeptide 1

NM_002074

4.04

Up

0.015

Heat shock protein 90 kDa alpha (cytosolic), blass B member 1

AF275719

2.96

Up

0.038

Hydroxysteroid (17-beta) dehydrogenase 4

NM_000414

1.88

Up

0.049

Kv channel interacting protein 2

AF367019

1.52

Up

0.027

Neurogenin 2

AF022859

1.08

up

0.045

Neuron navigator 1

N57538

2.42

Up

0.009

Neuron navigator 2

AA011020

1.11

Up

0.043

Neuropilin 2

AA295257

1.87

Up

0.037

Neuroplastin

NM_017455

2.78

Up

0.048

Opioid growth factor receptor

AF172449

1.31

Up

0.008

Palmitoyl-protein thioesterase 1

NM_000310

3.04

Up

0.019

PDZ and LIM domain 5

AV715767

5.1

Up

0.006

Peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor delta

NM_006238

3.31

Down

0.031

Phytanoyl-CoA 2-hydroxylase

NM_006214

2.17

Up

0.049

Potassium channel tetramerisation domain containing 10

AS073741

2.69

Up

0.036

Potassium channel tetramerisation domain containing 15

W73820

1.33

Up

0.013

Potassium voltage-gated channel, delayed-rectifier, subfamily S, member 3

NM_002252

1.66

Up

0.031

Presenilin 1

NM_007318

1.61

Up

0.024

Regulator of G-protein signaling 5

AF159570

2.31

Up

0.047

Reticulon 4 (Neurite growth inhibitor)

AF20999

4.61

Up

0.001

Solute carrier family 38, member 1

NM_030674

2.13

Up

0.039

Solute carrier family 7 (catonic amino acid transporter, y + system), member 1

AA148507

1.44

Up

0.017

Somatostatin receptor 4

NM_001052

1.09

Down

0.033

S100 calcium binding protein A4

NM_002961

7.44

Up

0.010

Thioredoxin domain containing 12 (endoplasmic reticulum)

AF131758

2/42

Up

0.009

Thy-1 cell surface antigen

AL161958

3.48

Up

0.006

B. Proinflammatory cytokine and chemokine genes:

Chemokine (C-X-C motif) receptor 7

AI817041

3.32

Up

0.043

Chemokine (C-X-C motif) ligand 12 (stromal cell-derived factor 1)

NM_000609

1.90

Up

0.024

FGF receptor 2

T83672

1,12

Up

0.020

IL-17A

NM_002190

1.05

Up

0.048

Interferon induced transmembrane protein 1 (9–27)

NM_003641

2.72

Up

0.026

PDGF C

NM_016205

3.07

Up

0.041

PDGF alpha polypeptide

NM_006206

5.73

Up

0.021

PDGF receptor, beta polypeptide

NM_003609

2.10

Up

0.033

PDGF receptor-like

NM_006207

1.82

Up

0.037

TGF beta

NM_000358

6.68

Up

0.035

Latent TGF beta binding protein 1

NM_000627

3.29

Up

0.016

TNF receptor-associated factor 5

NM_004619

1.34

Up

0.014

VEGF B

NM_003377

1.09

Up

0.037

C. Genes with special disc relevance:

ADAM metallopeptidase domain 17

NM_003183

1.56

Up

0.001

Apoptosis-inducing factor, mitochondrion associated, 1

NM_004208

1.42

Up

0.019

BMP receptor, type II (serine/threonine kinase)

AI457436

1.51

Up

0.027

Calcitonin receptor-like

AI1478743

1.51

Up

0.035

Caspase 2, apoptosis-related cysteine peptidase

AU153405

1.63

Up

0.028

Caspase 6, apoptosis-related cysteine peptidase

BC000305

1.63

Up

0.048

Collagen, type I, alpha 1

K01228

2.69

Up

0.046

Collagen, type I, alpha 2

NM_000089

13.27

Up

0.007

Collagen type III, alpha 1

AU144167

10.3

Up

0.036

Collagen type IV, alpha 2

X05610

2.02

Up

0.021

Collagen type V, alpha 1

AI9833428

1.5

Up

0.039

Collagen type VI, alpha 3

NM_004369

5.85

Up

0.036

Connective tissue growth factor

M92934

6.47

Up

0.009

EGF-containing fibulin-like extracellular matrix protein 1

NM_004105

1.49

Up

0.005

Fibronectin 1

AK026737

16.82

Up

0.017

Fibronectin leucine rich transmembrane protein 2

NM_013231

2.78

Up

0.023

Hypoxia inducible factor 1, alpha subunit

NM_001530

3.61

Up

0.037

Janus kinase 2

AF001362

1.3

Up

0.002

Laminen, alpha 5

BC003355

1.39

Up

0.042

Laminin, beta 1

NM_002291

2.13

Up

0.045

Lumican

NM_002345

17.58

Up

0.015

Mitogen-activated protein kinase 1

AF320999

4.61

Up

0.0017

Mitogen-activated protein kinase 13

BC000433

1.37

Up

0.014

Mitogen-activated protein kinase kinase kinase 3

BF971923

1.67

Up

0.045

Nitric oxide synthase 3

NM_000603

4.77

Down

0.030

SPARC (osteonectin), cwcv and Kazal-like domains proteoglycan (testican) 1

AF231124

2.74

Up

0.027

Thrombospondin 1

BF055462

1.20

Up

0.033

TIMP metallopeptidase inhibitor 2

BF107565

3.57

Up

0.034

TIMP metallopeptidase inhibitor 3

U67195

2.88

Up

0.035

Vimentin

AI520969

1.35

Up

0.031