Figure 1
From: Increased nociceptive sensitivity and nociceptin/orphanin FQ levels in a rat model of PTSD
Experimental paradigm. Rats were assessed for baseline pain thresholds prior to SPS initiation at day 0. After 7 days of isolation, pain sensitivity (P) was monitored by assessment of nociceptive responses to mechanical and thermal stimuli on days 7, 9, 12, 14, 18, 21 and 28. Anxiety-like behavior (A) was tested by EPM on day 9 or 14, but not necessarily in rats that were euthanized on those days. Rats were euthanized (*) at day 9, 15 or 28. Sera and CSF samples were taken immediately for further analysis.