Figure 3

Effect of NMP-181 administered by either i.t. (A,C) or i.p. (B,D) routes on the first and second phases of formalin-induced (A,B) pain and mice crossing in the open-field test (C,D). Each bar or individual point represents the mean responses from 6–8 animals and the error bars indicate the S.E.M. Control values (indicated by “0”) are from animals injected with 5% of DMSO in PBS and the asterisks denote the significance relative to the respective control group. **P<0.01; ***P<0.001. (one-way ANOVA followed by Tukey’s test).