Figure 4From: Attenuation of inflammatory and neuropathic pain behaviors in mice through activation of free fatty acid receptor GPR40 Effects of peripheral inflammation or spinal nerve injury on the GPR40 expression in the superficial spinal dorsal horn. Double-staining for GPR40 (red) and NeuN, GFAP or Iba 1 (green) with DAPI (blue) indicated that GPR40 immunoreactivity still mainly colocalized with a neuronal marker, NeuN (A, B, G, H, M, N), but rarely with an astrocytic marker, GFAP (C, D, I, J, O, P) or a microglial marker, Iba 1 (E, F, K, L, Q, R) in the spinal dorsal horn even after the carrageenan (Car) (A-F), complete Freund’s adjuvant (CFA) (G-L) or spinal nerve ligation (SNL) (M-R) treatment. Lumbar spinal cords (L4-5) were dissected 6 hours after carrageenan, 3 days after CFA, and 2–3 weeks after SNL treatment. As each control, saline, incomplete Freund’s adjuvant (IFA) and sham-treatment were employed, respectively. C-17 anti-GPR40 antibody was used. Scale bar = 25 μm.Back to article page