Figure 1

CTx-FVIA cloned from Conus Fulmen. (A) Conus Fulmen lives in an area of subtropical sea south of Jeju island, South Korea. This piscivorous snail captures its prey mainly by paralyzing it with a mixture of toxins. (B) Nucleotide sequence and deduced amino acid sequence of CTx-FVIA. Δindicates the position at which the carboxy terminal of Arg is cleaved by conotoxin precursor proteases, and ▲ indicates the C-terminal cysteine that is thought to be amidated by monooxygenase. The mature sequence of CTx-FVIA is underlined. (C) Conotoxins homologous with CTx-FVIA are listed. Black box indicates similarity of all the peptides; dark and light gray boxes indicate similarity between five and four peptides, respectively. Six cysteines form three disulfide bonds (1st-4th, 2nd-5th, 3rd-6th) and four intercysteine loops.